Identify the location and function of the following structures in a chloroplast:
$(1)$ Thylakoid
$(2)$ Stroma

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(N/A) $(1)$ Location: Small coin-like structures stacked to form grana.
Function: Site of light-dependent reactions where chlorophyll pigments capture light energy to produce $ATP$ and $NADPH$.
$(2)$ Location: The fluid-filled matrix of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoids.
Function: Site of the biosynthetic phase (Calvin cycle) where $CO_2$ is fixed to form glucose.

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